Get Directions Pay Online Call Us
Schedule Online Make a Payment Give Us a CallOpens popup with phone numbers for locations

Understanding Oral Cancer and Why Regular Screenings Are Vital

by Apr 22, 2025General Dentistry

oral cancer awareness

Table of Contents

Key Points

  • Oral cancer is a threatening yet highly preventable and treatable condition.
  • Understanding the warning signs and taking steps to increase the chances of early detection are the best things patients can do to combat the threats of oral cancer. 

We often associate a trip to the dentist with a bright smile, fresh breath, and the prevention of cavities and gum disease. While these aspects are undoubtedly crucial to your overall oral health, your regular dental check-up plays a far more significant role—it is a critical opportunity for detecting oral cancer, a potentially life-threatening disease.

According to the American Cancer Society, about 60,000 people are diagnosed with oral or oropharyngeal cancers every year. Of those, more than 12,000 die from it.1 The good news is that early detection is one of the biggest impacts

At ProGrin, we are committed to not only maintaining the beauty and health of your smile but also safeguarding your overall well-being. This includes being vigilant in screening for oral cancer during your routine examinations. In this comprehensive guide, we aim to shed light on what oral cancer is, its risk factors, the often subtle signs, and, most importantly, why regular screenings are your most powerful tool in the fight against this disease.

What Is Oral Cancer?

Oral cancer, also known as mouth cancer, encompasses cancers that develop in any part of the mouth, including the lips, tongue, gums, lining of the cheeks and mouth, the floor of the mouth, and the hard and soft palate. It falls under the broader category of head and neck cancers.2

The process begins when cells in these areas undergo genetic mutations, causing them to grow and divide uncontrollably. These abnormal cells can then form tumors and potentially spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body, such as the lymph nodes in the neck and beyond.

Understanding the Risk Factors: Who is Susceptible?

While oral cancer can affect anyone, certain factors significantly increase an individual’s risk. Being aware of these risk factors is the first step in understanding your personal susceptibility and taking proactive steps.

Major Risk Factors:

  • Tobacco Use: This is the leading preventable cause of oral cancer. Smoking cigarettes, cigars, pipes, and using smokeless tobacco (chewing tobacco, snuff) dramatically elevates the risk. The longer and more frequently tobacco products are used, the higher the risk becomes.
  • Excessive Alcohol Consumption: Heavy and frequent alcohol use is another significant risk factor. The risk is even higher when alcohol is combined with tobacco use, as they have a synergistic effect, amplifying the carcinogenic impact.
  • Human Papillomavirus (HPV): Certain strains of HPV, particularly HPV-16, are now recognized as a major cause of oropharyngeal cancers (cancers of the back of the throat, including the tonsils and base of the tongue). This is particularly prevalent in younger, non-smoking individuals.
  • Age: The risk of oral cancer increases with age, with most diagnoses occurring in individuals over the age of 40.
  • Sun Exposure: Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds is a significant risk factor for lip cancer.3
  • Poor Oral Hygiene: While not a direct cause, chronic irritation and inflammation in the mouth due to poor oral hygiene may contribute to an increased risk of oral cancer.
  • Diet Low in Fruits and Vegetables: A diet lacking in essential nutrients and antioxidants found in fruits and vegetables may weaken the body’s natural defenses against cancer development.
  • Previous History of Cancer: Individuals who have had oral cancer or other head and neck cancers have a higher risk of developing it again.
  • Weakened Immune System: People with compromised immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or organ transplant recipients taking immunosuppressant drugs, are at an increased risk.
  • Gender: Men are up to three times more likely to develop oral cancer than women, although this gap is narrowing, possibly due to changing lifestyle factors.4
  • Family History: A family history of oral cancer may slightly increase an individual’s risk, as it presents a genetic predisposition to the condition.

It is crucial to remember that having one or more of these risk factors does not guarantee that you will develop oral cancer. However, being aware of your personal risk profile empowers you to make informed decisions about your health and be more vigilant about potential symptoms.

The Often Subtle Signs and Symptoms: What to Watch For

Early-stage oral cancer can often be asymptomatic or present with subtle signs that may be easily dismissed or attributed to other, less serious conditions. This is why regular screenings by a trained professional are so critical. However, being aware of potential warning signs can prompt you to seek a timely evaluation.

Possible Signs and Symptoms of Oral Cancer:

  • A sore, ulcer, or lesion in the mouth that does not heal within two weeks. This is one of the most common and concerning signs.
  • A white, red, or speckled (white and red) patch in the mouth. These lesions, known as leukoplakia and erythroplakia, can be precancerous or cancerous.5
  • A lump, thickening, rough spot, crust, or small eroded area in the lips, gums, or other areas inside the mouth.
  • Unexplained bleeding in the mouth.
  • Numbness, loss of feeling, or pain/tenderness in any area of the mouth, including the tongue.
  • Difficulty chewing, swallowing, speaking, or moving the jaw or tongue.
  • A change in the way your teeth fit together when you bite down.
  • Loose teeth or pain around teeth.
  • Persistent hoarseness or a change in your voice.
  • A lump or swelling in the neck.
  • Persistent earache.

It is important to note that these symptoms can also be caused by other conditions. However, if you experience any of these, especially if they persist for more than two weeks, it is crucial to schedule an appointment with your dentist or a medical professional for a thorough evaluation.

The Power of Regular Oral Cancer Screenings: Early Detection Saves Lives

This brings us to the cornerstone of our message: the paramount importance of regular oral cancer screenings during your routine dental check-ups.

Why are regular screenings so vital?

  • Early Detection: Oral cancer, when detected in its early stages (stage I or II), has a significantly higher survival rate—often as high as 90%.6 Early detection also allows for less invasive treatment options, leading to better outcomes and a higher quality of life.Dr. Ayers Breast Cancer Awareness
  • Identifying Precancerous Lesions: During an oral cancer screening, your dentist is trained to identify precancerous lesions (such as leukoplakia and erythroplakia) that may not be visible or noticeable to you. Early intervention at this stage can prevent the development of full-blown cancer.
  • Comprehensive Examination: The screening is a quick and painless part of your regular dental exam. Your dentist will visually inspect the inside of your mouth, including your lips, cheeks, tongue, gums, floor of the mouth, and palate. They may also palpate (feel) these areas and the lymph nodes in your neck for any lumps or abnormalities.
  • Beyond Self-Examination: While self-exams are encouraged and can help you become familiar with your mouth, they are not a substitute for a professional screening. Dentists have the expertise and training to identify subtle changes that you might miss.
  • Increased Awareness and Education: Regular dental visits provide an opportunity for your dentist to educate you about oral cancer risk factors, signs, and the importance of prevention. This empowers you to take a more active role in your oral health.
  • Non-Invasive and Convenient: Oral cancer screenings are non-invasive, take only a few minutes, and are a standard part of your routine dental appointment. There is no extra preparation or discomfort involved.

What to Expect During an Oral Cancer Screening

During your dental examination, your dentist will:

  1. Review your medical and social history: This includes discussing your tobacco and alcohol use, HPV status (if known), and any family history of cancer.
  2. Perform a visual examination: They will carefully look at all the surfaces inside your mouth and your lips for any abnormalities, such as sores, patches, lumps, or changes in color or texture.
  3. Perform a palpation: They will gently feel the tissues in your mouth and the lymph nodes in your neck to check for any lumps, tenderness, or swelling.
  4. Utilize adjunctive screening tools (if deemed necessary): In some cases, your dentist may use specialized lights or dyes to help identify abnormal tissues.

If your dentist identifies any suspicious areas during the screening, they will discuss the findings with you and may recommend further evaluation, such as a biopsy, to determine if cancer cells are present.

Your Role in Prevention and Early Detection

While regular dental screenings are crucial, you also play an active role in preventing oral cancer and ensuring early detection:

  • Practice Good Oral Hygiene: Brush your teeth twice a day, floss daily, and use a fluoride toothpaste.
  • Avoid Tobacco Use in All Forms: If you smoke or use smokeless tobacco, quitting is the single most important step you can take to reduce your risk. Seek help and support if needed.
  • Limit Alcohol Consumption: If you choose to drink alcohol, do so in moderation.
  • Protect Your Lips from Sun Exposure: Use a lip balm with SPF when spending time outdoors.
  • Maintain a Healthy Diet: Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables.
  • Get the HPV Vaccine: The HPV vaccine can protect against certain strains of HPV linked to oropharyngeal cancer. Talk to your doctor about whether vaccination is right for you.
  • Perform Regular Self-Exams: Get to know the normal appearance and feel of your mouth. If you notice any changes, such as persistent sores, lumps, or patches, consult your dentist promptly.
  • Keep Your Regular Dental Appointments: Do not skip your routine check-ups. These appointments are not just about clean teeth; they are a vital opportunity for oral cancer screening.

Our Commitment to Your Health

We understand that the topic of cancer can be concerning, but we want to assure you that early detection significantly improves the chances of successful treatment and recovery. By making regular dental visits a priority, you are taking a proactive step in safeguarding your oral and overall health.

At ProGrin, your health and well-being are our top priorities. We are dedicated to providing comprehensive dental care, which includes thorough oral cancer screenings during every routine examination. Our team is trained to recognize the subtle signs of oral cancer and is committed to ensuring early detection and timely referral for treatment if necessary.

Don’t wait for symptoms to appear. Schedule your regular dental check-up today and let us partner with you in maintaining a healthy smile and a healthy life.

References

1. Medical and Editorial Content Team, “Key Statistics for Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Cancers,” American Cancer Society, January 2025, https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/oral-cavity-and-oropharyngeal-cancer/about/key-statistics.html.

2. Mayo Clinic Staff, “Mouth Cancer,” Mayo Clinic, January 2025, https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mouth-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20350997.

3. “Lip Cancer,” Johns Hopkins Medicine, https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/lip-cancer.

4. “Oral Cancer Incidence (New Cases) by Age, Race, and Sex, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, January 2025, https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/research/data-statistics/oral-cancer/incidence.

5. Rebekah Kuschmider, “What Are Leukoplakia and Erythroplakia Lesions?” WebMD, October 2024, https://www.webmd.com/oral-health/what-are-leukoplakia-erythroplakia.

6. Medical and Editorial Content Team, “Survival Rates for Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Cancer,” American Cancer Society, March 2023, https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/oral-cavity-and-oropharyngeal-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/survival-rates.html.